Improvement in the mode of making pile fabrics



NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES W. CROSSLEY, OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN THE MODE OF MAKING PILE FABRICS..

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 54,870, dated May 22,1866.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES W. GRossLnY, of Bridgeport, in the county ofFairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in the Process of Making Pile Fabrics; and I do herebydeclare that the following is a full,clear, and exact descriptionthereof, which will enable those skilled in the art to make and use thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part ofthis specification, in which- Figure l represents a plan or top view ofthis invention, and Figs. 2 and 3 are transverse sections of the same.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

This invention consists in retainingin the loops of pile fabrics thewire or other equivalent devices used in weaving said loops until afabric has been cemented to the back in such a manner that during theprocess of weaving the fabric the wires or equivalent devices take theplace of the weft, no other weft being used, and after the back has beencemented to a fabric the wires or other devices can be readilywithdrawn, and a cheap and durable pile fabric is obtained.

The fabric A is made of wool or any other suitable material, on a loomof anydesired description; but instead of using alinen or other weft forthe purpose of binding the loops, I use nothing in place of the weft butthe ordinary wires, cords, or other suitable devices generally used informing the loops in the manufacture of pile fabrics; and after theoperation of weaving is nished I take the fabric out of the loom,without, however,removing the wires or other devices used in place ofthe weft, and then I secure, bycementing, the fabric to a back of linenor other suitable textile or flexible material. After the icemeut hasset I withdraw the wires or other devices, and theloops are retainedsolely by the cement, and without the aid of the usual linen shoots,which, in brussels carpets and other pile fabrics, are used to securethe loops to the back.

Bythese means a pile fabric can be produced which is exceedingly cheapand durable, and which can be made with great facility.

The loops being produced on a loom without throwing in any weft excepttlie"'wires or equivalent devices, (which are withdrawn after the fabricis linisherh) are formed with great rapidity, and when they are cementedto the back. and after the Wires are withdrawn, the fabric has preciselythe same appearance as a pile fabric manufactured in the ordinary Way.

By using a loom the loops can be produced with great rapidity, the wirescan be thrown in by hand or by the machine, and the fabric, whenfinished, can be printed in various colors, and with designs of anydesirable description, the saine as Brussels and other pilecarpets; orthe warps can be printed previous to introducing them into the loom; orthe designs 'may be produced by a Jacquard machine.

The fabric thus produced I secure to a back of linen or other textilefabric by means of a suitable cement of india-rubber or other material,and in order to produce a velvet fabric the wires may be constructedwith sharp cutting-edges c, as shown in Fig. l, so that by the act ofwithdrawing said wires the loops are cut; or the loops may be cutbyother means after the wires have been withdrawn.

I am aware that various kinds of fabrics have been connected to backs bymeans of cement, and this I do not claim as my invention.; but,

Having thus described my invention, I do not claim the pile fabricconsisting of a fibrous warp cemented directly to a suitable backing andafterwards out; but

I claim- The process herein described of producing the pile fabric bythe aid of wires, which are withdrawn after cementing the warp upon thebacking.

JAMES W. CROSSLEY.

Witnesses W. Hanru, O. L. E. TorLrFF.

